Cooking stove or range.



No, 838,324. PATBNTED DEG. 11, 1906.

w. R. HAMPDEN.

COOKING sTovE 0R RANGE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 22 1905 narran sfrii'rns rfrnn'r ormoni.N

WELLESLEY R. HAMPDEN, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO TI-IE FUEL SAVER HEATING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF MISSOURI.

COOKING STOVE OR RANGE.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 11, 1906.

Application filed July 22, 1905. Serial No. 270.763.

This invention relates to cooking stoves or.

ranges; and my object is to produce a structure of this character which will exhaust the possibilities of the fuel as a heat-producing agent, and thereby produce with a small con suinption of fuel sufficient heat for thorough and efficient cooking or baking, in which the combustion is so perfect that there shall remain but little residuum in the form of ashes, and which will operate in such a manner that vpractically no clinkers will be formed.

A further obj ect is to produce a structure for so circulating the heat that all except the front side of the oven shall be subjected approximately uniformly thereto.

A still further object is to produce a stove or range of such construction that the firepot shall be almost wholly surrounded by heat, and thereby more eifectually expand the fuel and liberate therefrom the combustible gases.

lI/'ith these general objects in view and others, as hereinafter appear, the invention consists in certain novel and peculiar features of construction and organization, as hereinafter described and claimed, and in order that it may be fully understood reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, in whichF Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section taken on the line I I of Fig. 2 of a stove or range embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan view with the top of the stove removed. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section on the line III III of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section on the line IV IV of Fig. 1.

-In the said drawings, 1 indicates the bottom, 2 the top wall, 3 and 4. the end walls,

and 5 the front wall, of a stove or range of the form shown or any other suitable or preferred configuration, and, as usual, the top of the stove is adapted to be equipped with removable plates and lids 6.

Arranged nearer one end of the stove or range than the other, by preference, is the oven, the same comprising the bottom plate 7 and the top plate S, connecting the front and back walls of the stove or range atsuitable distances from the bottom and top walls thereof, and end plates 9 and 10, also connecting said front and back walls and the opposite ends of plates 7 and 8.

11 indicates a guide or deiiecting late connecting the bottom of the oven Wit the bottom of the stove or range and extending diagonally from a point contiguous tothe left-hand rear corner of the oven toa point` contiguous to the right-hand front corner thereof, said deflecting-plateA dividing the space below the oven into a passage 12, having a contracted mouth 13 and an expanded discharge end 14, and a passage 15, having an expanded mouth 16, and a contracted discharge end 17.

18 indicates a guide or deflecting plate connecting the end Wall 4 of the stove or range with the contiguous end wall 10 of the oven, and extending diagonally upward and forward from a point contiguous to the rear Wall to a point contiguous to the front wall and terminating, by preference, in the plane of the top and bottom of the oven, said guide or deflecting plate forming a passage 19, which increases in width from its lower end or mouth to its upper or discharge end and the passage 20, which converges upwardly from its lower end or mouth to its upper or discharge end.

21 indicates a transverse partition extending from the front to the back wall of the stove and from the top of the oven to the top plate of the stove, and said partition is provided with an opening 22, normally closed by a hinged damper 23, having a handle 24, externally of and at the front side of the stove or range.

25 indicates a vertical rectangular casing secured to and externally of the back wall of lthe stove or range and in width somewhat less than the length of the oven, by preference, and said casing is provided centrally with a vertical partition 26, extending from the top of the casing to a point some distance above its bottom, so as to provide flues 27 and 28, communicating at their lower ends below said partition. The casing at the upper end of flue 27 has a top plate or cover 29, and the back wall of the stove or range to the right of IOO ICS

partition 21 and above the oven is provided with an opening 30 to establish communication between the space above the oven and to the right of said partition 21 and the upper end of said iiue 27. The upper end of the casing in line with ue 28 is open and is provided with an upwardly-projecting flange 31, upon which the stovepipe (not shown) is adapted to be secured in the usual manner.

32 indicates the nre-pot, which is disposed at the left-hand end of the oven and some distance from the corresponding end wall of the stove or range. The upper end of the fire-pot is preferably disposed in the plane of the top of the oven, and its sidewalls converge downwardly to the grate 33 and depend vertically below the grate to provide the ash-pit 34, the stove being equipped, as usual, with the ash-pit door 35, through which air may be admitted to the bottom of the grate to start the fire.

By the construction and arrangement described it will be seen that practically the entire left-hand end of the oven is exposed to the action of the heat.

36 is a transverse pipe disposed at or near the upper edge and against the left-hand side of the fire-pot, said pipe extending through the front and back walls of the stove or range and communicating with the atmosphere and being provided in its side adjacent to the contiguous end of the stove or range with a series of orifices 37, through which jets of air may pass into the chamber 38 between the fire-pot and the contiguous end wall of the stove or range, a similar pipe 39 being disposed against the fire-pot near its lower end, by preference, and having orifices 40 to discharge air in the same general direction as the air discharged from the pipe 36, and therefore toward the water-coil 41, disposed transversely in chamber 38 and near the end wall forming one' side of said chamber, said watercoil not being detailed because of the usual or any preferred type.

In operation, after the fuel is placed in the fire-pot, damper 23 and the ash-pit door are opened, or the usual air-controlling slide (not shown) of such door is opened. The fuel is then ignited and burns as in the ordinary stove, the draft carrying the smoke and iiame and other products of combustion up out of the fire-pot to the right and over and above the oven through the opening of partition 21, thence back over the oven to the right of said partition through opening 30 into iiue 27, down through said flue and into thev lower end of flue 28, thence up through said flue to the smoke-stack. After the ire has gotten Well started the damper and ash-pit door or its slide is closed, so that the draft must pass over the left-hand side of the fire-pot and down through chamber 38 and back under the fire-pot. Owing to the fact that by hugging the back wall the draft finds its shortest and most direct course, the greater volume of the heat would under ordinary conditions pass under the rear portion of the oven, and to prevent this and establish a uniform dis.- tribution of the heat under the oven the guide or deflector 11 is provided, so that the more direct passage under the oven has a smaller mouth than the other passage and in consequence will compel a fair proportion of the heat to pass under the front portion of the oven. For the same reason the space at the right-hand end of the oven is provided with a guide or deiiector in order that by providing the more indirect passage 20 with the largest mouth a fair proportion of the heat may pass up through passage 20, so as to obtain access to the front right-hand corner of the oven, the heat passing rearwardly over that portion of the oven to the right of partition 21, the opposite top portion of the oven being of course subjected to the heat which passes into said space from the fire-pot. It will thus be seen that the entire oven, with the exception of the front side covered by the oven-door, will be subjected to the heat generated.

The circulation of the heat as explained results in heating the fire-pot thoroughly, and therefore in quickly expanding the fuel therein and liberating all of its combustible gases, which pass over pipe 36 and into chamber 38, being subjected in said passage to the actionof the air entering pipe 36 and discharged therefrom through the orifices 37, and therefore supplying a large amount of oxygen to said gases, most of which are instantly ignited and burn in chamber 38, the comparatively small volume of combustible gases which fail to ignite in the upper part of said chamber being mixed with an additional charge of oxygen from pipe 39, so as to produce an inflammable gas which ignites instantly from the flame of the gases burning in chamber 38 and contiguous thereto, extending around under the ash-pit and under the oven. It will thus be seen that this stove or range has a double combustion, the second consuming all of the combustible gases which escape from the fire-pot. Because of this double combustion, in conjunction with the peculiarities of the structure, as hereinbefore described, a much smaller amount of fuel is consumed in proportion to the heat generated than can be obtained from a single-combustion stove or range. Furthermore, because of the fact that the heat is a traveling heat and there is no draft up through the grate no clinkers will form and there will be prac tically no soot formed, because of the fact that the ingredients which form the same are consumed by the second combustion. A still more perfect combustion is insured, because of the arrangement of the guide-'plate or deflectors 11 and 18, which act to check and evenly distribute the draft, and thus give the flame of the second combustion a IOO IIO

better opportunity to thoroughly consume the combustible gases.

From the above description it will be apparent that I have produced a stove or range embodying all of the advantageous features enumerated and which obviously may be modiiied in some particulars without sacrificing any of its advantages.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A stove or range provided with an oven spaced from its top, bottom, and end walls and having an escape-opening in its back wall above the oven, a iire-pot interposed between one end of the oven and the correspondingl end wall of the stove or range, a partition between the top of the oven and stove and extending from the front to the back wall of the latter and interposed between the opening in the back wall and said fire-pot, a diagonal deilector extending between the bottom of the oven and stove and providing a front and rear passage below the oven which respectively diminish and increase in width from their ends contiguous to the grate toward their opposite ends, and an oblique deflector between the end wall of the oven and stove at the opposite end of the oven from the firepot; said deiiector forming front and rear passages which respectively diminish and increase in width from their lower to their upper ends where they communicate with said opening in the back wall.

2. A stove or range provided with an oven spaced from its top, bottom and end walls and having an escape-opening in its back wall above the oven, a nre-pot interposed be tween one end of the oven and the corresponding end wall oi the stove or range, a partition between the top of the oven and stove and extending from the front to the back wall of the latter and interposed between the opening in the back wall and said rire-pot and provided with an opening, a diagonal deflector extending between the bottom of the oven and stove and providing a iront and a rear passage below the oven which respectively diminish and increase in width from their ends contiguous to the grate toward their opposite ends, an oblique delector between the end wall of the oven and stove at the opposite end of the oven from the iire-pot, said delector Jforming front and rear passages which respectively diminish and increase in width from their lower to their upper ends where` they communicate with said opening in the back wall, and a door controlling the opening in the partition between the top ofthe oven and stove.

8. A stove or range provided with an oven spaced apart from its top, bottom and end walls, a damper-controlled partition between the top of the oven and stove and extending from the front to the back wall of the latter, a iire-pot between one end of the stove and the oven, a pipe at the opposite side of the 'fire-pot from the oven and communicating with the atmosphere, and provided with perforations in the side remote from the fire-pot, a casing secured externally to the back wall of the stove and provided with a partition depending nearly to its bottom and having the space at the opposite side of said partition from the iireepot closed at its upper end and the upper end of the space at the opposite side of said partition open, the back wall of the stove having an opening establishing communication between the upper end of the closed space oi said casing and the top of the oven at the side of the damper-controlled partition opposite from the -fire-pot.

4. A stove or range provided with an oven spaced apart from the top, bottom and end walls of said stove or range, a damper-controlled partition between the top of the oven and the top of the stove and extending from the front to the back wall of the latter, a 'lirepot between one end wall of the stove or range and the corresponding end wall of the oven, pipes for discharging jets of air into the space or chamber between the fire-pot and said end wall of the stove or range, a casing secured externally to the back wall of the stove or range and 'provided with a partition depending nearly to its bottom and having the space at the opposite side of said partition from the fire-pot closed at its upper end, and the upper end of the space at the other side of said partition open the back wall of the stove having an opening establishing communication between the upper end of the closed space of said casing and the top of the oven at the side of the damper-controlled partition opposite from the Yfire-pot.

In testimony whereof I ailix mysignature in the presence of two witnesses.

WELLESLEY R. HAMPDEN.

Witnesses:

H. C. RoDGERs, G. Y. Tnonrn.

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